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john d. and catherine. macarthuroundation; and union bank] >>nion bank has put its financial strength to wo for a wide range of cpanies, from small busesses to major corporatis. what can we do for you? >> and no bbc world news. >> hamid karzai hangs ontohe afghan pridency but a call from the white house talks about a messy elecon and insists agast corruption. >> mor terrorists attacks th street of tehran. war crimes ss pent -- promisese will aually be

present at his trial on tuesday. welcome to bbc wld news. forecting to viewers in america and arou the globe. my ne is me hembl. >> bloodiamonds -- human rights abus inzimbabwe mean should beicked out of internatiol gem markets. >> a booming oil busiss in texas andelting glasses inhe him lay yea we'll be looking at two sides of the climate chang debate. >> hello -- ending wes of unceainty, hamid karzai has been declared the winner of afghanistan's presidential ection. with h only rival out of the race -- has been abaoned but it leaves mr. karzaieven weaker than before and a mass of questions unanswered.

president obama has phod him and warne him that corruption must be tkled. the latestrom washington in just aoment. first the bbc's ian pal from kabul. >> it's cost mllions of punds and dozens of livesto get to th moment. and i came in a small, packed room on the outskirts of call bu. >> we declare that mr. hamid kari has gotten the majority votes in t first round and he is the only candidate for the cond roun of elecons of afghanian in 2009, be declar as elected pesident of afgnistan. >> the head of the election board was -- with questns about fraud, crruptions and hw a man who won less than half the votes could be president again. >> e you not embarrassed by e way this process has been conducted? >> embarrassed? yes? >> because you've been force to widraw a second round. >> tt was a duty.

the constituency - >> worldeaders have rushed to congratulate hamid kari, but he emerges weaker than ever, in charge of a countr more divid an dangerous than at any point inthe last eigh years. >> the country ws not really, d i want to say that please check in yourountries when you are in the veryearly stages of first orecond round of elections. don't compare us with your experience of hundred years of scanl of elections and our experiee in a w years. >> this is h the ection went wrong. jut days after the votes we were show hundreds of ballots for oneandidate, discarded and torn up. widespread corruptn meant millionsof vtes were discoted, and the cedibility of th veslost. but it isafghans whotand to lose the most aweid shar's son died right outsid his shop in a talan

bomb tget, tops. he warnshat most afghans ha never knn, peace and security. it's the most important challenge facing his new president and the internional communi. >> t afghan presideial election is finally over. onight there'selief in london, washgton, and heren call bull. but with the security sittion continuing to deteriote a a newly-re-elected prident even weaker than he was before, the challenge facing afghans and thr international sponsors remain daunng. iananel,bbc newskabul. >> i spoke to our special orrespondent phlippa thomas who says all signs from the whithouse to kbul was a frosty one. i believet was. esident obams comments to presidt kari were frankly warm. he said he ws please that final outcome was demm in accornce with afghan law.

now th best bet for the white houses to encourage hid karzai to take actionquickly that can boost his credibility in the eyes of afghans and the international communi. >> i did phasize to preside kaai that t american people and the iernational community as a wholewant to ntinue to partner with him and his government in achieving prosperity and serity in afgnistan. but i emphasize that is has to be a point in time in whh we begin to write a new chaer, based on improved gornance, a muc more rious effort eradicate corruption, joint efforts toccelerate the training of ahan securiy foes so that the aghan people can provide forheir own security.

that kind of crdination and a sense on the part o presiden karzai at after some difficult yers in which there has been somerift, that in fact he's going toove boldly and recefully forward. >> president obama there. phillippa,e is putting a brave face on a mess, isn't he? you get any idea o what this means on his decisi of wther to send thousands of mre u.s. troops? >> i think you' right. it's a brave face. the it's what t white house has deal with. myfeeling is that we'r not expectg anything imminent. e of obama's aisors valerie jarrettinted the announcement could drop to late november that announcement about deploying as many as 44,000 extra troops. and ihink the feelg we're getti is that what obama wants fro president karzai is sme, as he put it, action, not words. he was to see how the new cabinet is shaped,hewants to

se how preparations are made t beef up ahan security forces and whether kari is frankly serious about rachetting down corruption. this could all take a little whil >> phillippa there in washington. nother day of bloshed in pakistan, the country hit by two separate suicide attacks. th first killed people, hours later two bombers blew themselves up a a police checkpoint at the entrance to lahor city they left at least sevendead. our bbc correspondent has been at the sne of t explosion in rawalpindi. >> another day,another attack. as thermy hits the taliban in sou waziristan, the militts are hitting back. and they're still managi to strike supposedly secure istricts. thistime a street close to army he yours with two hotels and a ban "i saw so many dead bies,"

says th m, "my car was parked in the bank's car park and my child wasitting inside. they won't let me in to look, and i don't kn where my child is." thearea has now bee sealed off but it was busyt the time of the blt. a lot my personl and thir familie come to this bank. they we here picking u salaries an pensions o the first working day ofthe month. once again another week has begunith bodshed. at the scen we met- tan wier searching for h wounded faher. "it's rely worrying," he ys, "the attacks are incrsing, not decreasing. but hopefully ater the army operationhings will start to get better." lying in his hospita bed, this wounded soldier td us hs be staying in uniform. says the attacks won' get thermy's morale.

>> for te sake of the country, our rolve is strg and wil remain so. death has to come one day or another. >> his loved one are shong the strain. everyone's in th firing line here and there are fears that things could get a lot worse. -- bbc news, ralpindi. >> authoties in islamabad are offering a $5 miion reward for inrmation leading to the capture of the country's taliban leader and 18 of his nior lieutenants. bbc's correspondt has been visiti some of the victims of the adliest bombing in the city ofashaur. >> toy this man wasupposed to b getting married. instead he takes u to the home of his cousin to pay condolences. the whole family had gathere from all over pakistanor the wedding. nine wt shopping for bangles d clothes to wear to the stivities.

none ce back. 14-year-old adnan lost h mother, father, twounts and all five of hs younger brothers and sisters. ey still haven'tound most of the bodies. >> i was supposed to g with them he says, bt i stayed at home. i heard the explosion but i really didn't imaginey family had been hurt. what did they do wrong? he says. ican't understand why anyone wold want to do ts. his family wascaught up in the biggestombing in a rece wve of militant attac toit pakistan. suicide car bomber blew himself p in the heartf the busiest markethere ov 100 were killed, my more injured. well,ays after the explosion here in the center o the city buildings are still collapsing because ofthe damage th sustained this buildingere has been he for over 120 years is about to be demished because part of it collapsed earlier the day injuryi more pple. but is not just scening ke

these at remi people ofhe horror of that blast. they're given those reminders through the lives that have be turned upside down right across the city. scols remain in thecity's in hospital,any havingeen left with pmanent disabilities. they join the victim of prvious attacks. >>his is not a new thing for us,but now tt we haveeen here and thentensity has creased, so are prared anytime -- >> and at's what it's like he. people stillrying to recover from theast attack,ondering when the next one will b and how this violence is ever end. bbc news, pashaur. >> let bring you some moreop story is is hour. >> iran is coming under more internional pressure to give a quick resnse to the plan to send its your r yum abroad for enrichment. the head of the u.n.'s nuclear watchdog has said last nth's draft de represents an unique

and fleeting oortunities for al sides to avoid confrontatn. north kor has called for direct talks with the unite states on nuclear disarmame. itppears the country wants to return to the negotiations it' boycotd for ateast a year -- has warned will go its own way unless washington agrees. the bosniaan-serbian leader will appear a his trial on nocide and war crimes charges. he boycotted the start last week. he denies all charges ad says the tibunal must give him nine mo months to prepareis case. one ofis legal teams told us he will attend the tribunal on tuesday to dcuss how toend the stalema. >> the griances are the the same. nothing has changed since last ek. he will apar tomorrow, though, because tomorrows another day, and it's a more procedural hearing tha the trial itself. so he wants to participe and try toelp find a slution for

his problem. >> still to come on bb world news, telood diamonds of zimbwe. campgners are calling for ban on sales. first it cod tell us a lot about the iact climate change is hing on olanet. theuropean space agency has launched a satellite from russia hat will gauge the moveme of wer around the earth. it could also provide more accure weather focasts. bbc science correspondent jonhan amoss has this report. >> a fash in the night and an old soviet miss soil heads sky ward. onbod, the latest eopean satellitto study the earth. europe wts to be en as a leader in space. it wil launchore than 20 satellites in the coming dece at a cost of more than 7 billion pounds. some will state the imate, others -- willinvestigate the imate, others will improve our

weather forecast. this one will measure the amont of water held in the rth's soils and map the saltinessof the wld's socials. these areeasurements thatave never been ma from space before. and developing the tecology to do this has been an immen challenge. smoss carries a foldi instment that gives it the lk of a space helicopter its data will te scientists about the constant excnge of water between the planet' surface and the atmosphere. it' information crucial to derstanding where it might rain and how heavily. >> the main benefits from oss world b to have betr weather forecasts and the possibility to forecast extreme events such as floods linked to heavy rains ovr wet soil. > it will tak a week for engineers to itch on all the spacecraft's systs, and six month to set itp properlyo begints science. jonathan amoss, bbc news. just briefly,he u.n. secretary of state has said tat washington has not changed its

stnce against israeli settlements in the west bank. hillary clintonas been mting ab leade in morocco. the latest heaines for you on bbc world news. >> the u.s. has endorsed hamid karzai as theegitimate lead of afghanistan. but president obama ss he's urged him to eradicate corruption. soiers in afghanisn und constant that from impvised explosive dices,, --'s. the latest victim, a british mb disposal expert i. saved many livein the south of e cntry. staff sergeant olaf shmidt was killed week before he was e on lve. british news defee correspdent has the story. >> staff sergeantlafchmidt, today h comrades called him a

legend. he die doing onof the most dangerousjobs in one of the th most lethal plac on earth, detecting and defusing ied's in the town of pronce. he was leang a team lik this one when he ed, aling with a hemade device near a bitish base. 's an area targeted mt ofte by the taliban's bombmakers. on a single day in august sergeant schmidt found 81 ied's while clearg the mosterilous road in town. his work saved the liv of many soldiers in the group. >> heas deeply prd of wha he was doing, not only proud because of having for emple passed the hi risk bomb disposalourse, the high-threat bomb dissal course in order to come out he, but proudlso becausef the way that he was ery daygoing out and saving brish lives and the lives of afghan civilians >> sergeant smidt's death brings to 8 the numberf ritish servicemen killed in

helmut so farhis year,he vast jority by ied's. >> that's an unseen enem tt's why the insurgents use i not because they're so sophisticatedecausehey have a hu psychological effe. >> sergeanschmidt was the thi bomb disposal in helmut this year. his colleagues rememr he diffed 64 of the estimated00 ied's found by british troops since janua. bbc news. courts forinternational -- calls for internation bann zimbab's dymond sales look like it will -- campaigners nt zimbabw banned om te human world market because of its human righ abuses. south african correspondent has thetory. >> zimbabw holds the richest dymon fields in the world. but mirs have paid a bitter price. a power struggle to control

these mines mines saw the militaryeing sent in last yer. these some of the only pictures that capture the zimbabwe defense force at work, now stand ccused of appalling human rights abuses. >> te helicoprs were throwing tear gas the picemen were soting people. so w wereunning, andhat's when theyaught us. >> ihought theyanted to beat me, but the said, "today you will be our wife. i real lied i was going to be rained." >> these grainy pictures capture the murky world of dymond smuggling fromhese field a trade which huma rights grps claim is costing lis and is n controlled by the military. theeason, they say, zimbabwe should be suspended from the kimber press, the scheme that regulates the trade in

so-called blood diamonds. zimbabwe hasbeen given time to take corrective acon, and according to our resrch and w were just i the area, tere have been absolutely no improvents there. i fact, the situation continues. there's very seris human rights abuse going on in the fields. new my units have been rotated in. in spite of the zimbae government saying that it would takehe army out of t area, it has not. >> the president is accusedf using the dymond flds to keep his army loyal and to -- part of the coalition which grows more shaky by the d. remote and hard to access, zimbabwe dymond fields mht be out of view to the outde world, but this week will be a majo test of wther t very process that is mnt to protect against alleged abuses turns a

blind eye. karen alle bbc news. now to climate chge conferenc in spain. african countrs have declared they won't take part in discussions until deloped counies accept strict limits on emissions. and that issue is likely to prove crucial in next month's climate summit in cenhagen. a report fm houston where it's not hard toind people opposed to cuts. first to a more remote part of the wor, our south asia correspondent travelled in the him lay yeato the source of the river ganges where the -- >> hidden in the clouds high in the hidden him lay yeas diurbing trend. glaci here are melting faster than anwhere else the for two days w trekked through the foothills on our way to the ma source of the rer ganges. it's a place with huge religious significance, but now it's all

about the climate. -- has broughthis gpso the very spot where theiver first emerges from the gray, discoled ice. it tells h the glacieras reced by about 15-meters in less than six months. the him lay as hold the largent body of ice oside the por caps but i's shrinking fast. >> this was the line ofhe glacier in ma >> yes. >> 're standing on the line? >> yes. allhis overere would have be thick ice then? >> yes. is was thick ice and this has gone back. >>nd this is hpening to every glacier in the him lay yeas? >> yes. but with different degrees. all the gaciers in the h lay yeas are mting. >> so this is arguably oe of t most important places in india, because it's here that river gangesegins itsong journey fromhe himalaya to the bay of ben gall. downstrm millions of people

depend on t river. as the glaciers melt faste the river is beginning to change. a fewmiles downstream evidence of a changing climate. nexto the sandy river bed there's been no crop ts year and heavy snowfall in this village for a decade. less snow means the glaciers melt even faster. >> glacier melting clrly spells a ve difficult tuation. they areelting at a very rapid rate. the possibility that if we don't do something abt sabilizing the earth' climate, thenhese glaciers cod easily vanisin the next few decades. >> an alarming thought,he future of the the ganges and for e people who rely on th river. e indian government disput some ofhe climate'sscience, butt knowst needso know more and fast about what's really happening to the glaciers the himalaya. chs morris, bbc news,

gangay. oil i about flow from a new well on theedge of houston in texas. ameca's oil boom started here century ao. people see no reason to stop it now. they know tey're goingo get plenty of oil out of thisew well,ecause here is the promise. here itis, rprisingly runny, slightlyweet. but thi is the stuff tt powershe american ecomy and why there's such resistanceto curbs on greenhous gasses. ch stroke lifts more oil to the surface. easy money and demand is huge. talk of limiting cbon dioxide is sen as pointless. >> the queson is, how much fference does co really make in our aosphere? and tha question should be deated. there are a lot of climate

drivers. you can s the sunhining on my fac right no theun obvislily is one of the biggt climate drivers. it goes through ma cycs. >> and oil is wh kes america mong. it's t lifeblood for miions of trucke. robert garci sells trucks. headut onto bumpy freewa he fears that limiting emissions will hit jobs at just the wrong time. >> anything that will raise fue costs in my industry a killer, meaningthe owner operators wil have to pay more for fl, the costs of goods will goup, andso everybody uld have to pay more for all the goods they use, consume on a daily basis >> so is there a greener way to fuel america? well, here in calirnia one option is a thick soup of tin organisms, potential soue of oil, flourishing in vast pools

that stretch across th sand, algae. this bright een ale grows real easily here. it's cultivated in tse huge ponds, thriving unde the desert sun, drawi in carbon dioxe and producing an oil whichan made int fuel. a glime of a gen ture. it's early days for algae fl bu serious money is now behind it. and researchers believe it's a route that america must pursue. >> tre is a way to both stimulate our economy, be ndful about our environment, and developew energy produs thate can use sustainably through th next 50 to 100 yes. and i believealgae is o of the ways to do it. >> twight at the gian refineries. america standst arossroads, black oil or green. i politicians aredivided over limate change, and the rest of the wod is waiting for the

outcome. vid troppman, bbc news in texas. >> what would you s is the perfectift for the world's fastestman? of crse a baby chtah. -- who has ru faster than any human in history is now the proud sponsor of this 3-month-old cub call lightning bolt. the jamaican was in t kenyan capital nairobi promoting conservation efforts for the nation's wildlife. the triple threat of trophy nting, climb chae and human encroachment endanrs many anima in kenya. by ying $14,000 to adopt lightning bt, the sprinter is sure ding something to help. thanks for being with us bbc world ns [funding for th presentation was made possible by the frman foundion of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolul the newman's own undation; the john d. and catherint. macarthur undation; and union bank]

>> union bank has putts financial streth to work for a wide rge of companies, from all businesses to major rporations. what can we do r you? >> i'm julia stiles. >> i'mevin bacon. >> i'm kim cattral >> m ken burns. >> i'm li taylor. >> m henry louis gates jr., and public broadsting is my source for news about the rld. >> for intelligent convertion. >> for electiocoverage you can count on. >> for convsations beyond t sod bites. >> a commitment to urnalism. for deciding who to vote fo i'm kerri washington, and public broadcasting is source for intelligent connectio to my community. >> bbc wor news was presented by kcet, losngeles.